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Sunday, October 13, 2013

Delta to Wye and Wye to Delta Conversion

ometimes we are not sure in electric circuits that the resistors are neither in parallel nor in series.
See the circuit below here the relation between R1 resistor and R6resistor is series or parallel we are not sure.
delta to wye
In that case we can simplify this circuit using three terminal equivalent networks. Three terminal networks are used in three phase connection, matching networks and electrical filters.
Figure 2 shows Wye (Y) and Tee (T) networks and figure 3 shows delta (∆) and pie (Π) network.
delta wye conversion
delta wye transformation
These networks are the equivalent of large network. I will discuss here how to transform wye to delta and delta to wye.
Delta to wye conversion
It is easy to work with wye network. If we get delta network, we convert it to wye to work easily. To obtain the equivalent resistance in the wye network from delta network we compare the two networks and we confirm that they are same. Now we will convert figure 3 (a) delta network to figure 2 (a) wye network.
From figure 3 (a) for terminals 1 and 2 we get,
R12 (∆) = R|| (Ra + Rb)
From figure 2 (a) for terminals 1 and 2 we get,
R12(Y) = R1 + R3
Setting wye and delta equal,
R12(Y) = R12 (∆) we get,
1
2
Equations (v), (vi) and (vii) are the equivalent resistances for transforming delta to wye conversion. We do not need to memorize these equations. Now we create an extra node shown in figure 4 and follow the conversion rule,
Each resistor in the Y network is the product of the resistors in the two adjacent Del branches, divided by the sum of the three Del resistors.
delta wye conversion
Now we will solve a problem how to convert delta to wye network. It will give clear concept.
Problem: convert the delta network to wye network.
del to wye conversion problem
From equation (v), (vi) and (vii) we can find the equivalent resistance of wye network,
3
The equivalent Y network configuration is shown in figure 6.
delta to wye conversion problem solution
Wye to delta conversion
For conversion to wye network to delta network adding equations (v), (vi) and (vii) we get,
 R1R+ R2R3 + R3R1 = RaRbRc(Ra +Rb + Rc)/(Ra + Rb + Rc)2
                                = RaRbRc/(Ra + Rb + Rc) —————— (ix)
Dividing equation (ix) by each of the equations (v), (vi) and (vii) we get,
Ra = R1R+ R2R3 + R3R1/ R1
Rb = R1R+ R2R3 + R3R1/ R2
Rc = R1R+ R2R3 + R3R1/ R3
For Y to delta conversion the rule is followed below,
Each resistor in the delta network is the sum of all possible products of Y resistors taken two at a time, divided by the opposite Y resistor.
Delta and Y are said to be equal or balanced when
R1 = R2 = R3 = RY, Ra = Rb = Rc = R
For these condition conversion formulas become,
           RY = R/3
Or     R = 3RY
Here Y connection is like series connection. And Del is like parallel connection.

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